Spanish conjugation explanation

Reflexive imperative (vosotros)

<p>The affirmative

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext" href="/study/tenseGuideForTense/22/" target="_blank">imperative</a>

form for <span style="font-style: italic;">vosotros</span> is normally formed by swapping the final <strong>-r</strong> of the infinitive with a <strong>-d</strong> (e.g., <span style="font-style: italic;">hablar</span> &#8594; <span style="font-style: italic;">hablad</span>).</p>

<p>However, when the verb is reflexive, this final <strong>-d</strong> is dropped before appending the reflexive pronoun <strong style="font-style: italic;">os</strong>.</p>

<div class="conjugation_explanation_title">-ar and -er verbs</div>

<p>For verbs ending in <span style="font-style: italic;">-ar</span> and <span style="font-style: italic;">-er</span>, simply remove the <strong>-d</strong> and add <strong style="font-style: italic;">os</strong>. A written accent is not needed because the stress naturally falls on the strong vowel (<span style="font-style: italic;">a</span> or <span style="font-style: italic;">e</span>).</p>

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<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/levantar/" title="Click to see conjugations for levantar" target="_blank">levantar</a>

&#8594; levantad</div>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/levantarse/" title="Click to see conjugations for levantarse" target="_blank">levantarse</a>

&#8594; levanta<span class="brown_emphasis">d</span> + os &#8594; <span class="green_emphasis">levantaos</span> (<span style="font-style: italic;">get up</span>)</div>

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<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/lavar/" title="Click to see conjugations for lavar" target="_blank">lavar</a>

&#8594; lavad</div>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/lavarse/" title="Click to see conjugations for lavarse" target="_blank">lavarse</a>

&#8594; lava<span class="brown_emphasis">d</span> + os &#8594; <span class="green_emphasis">lavaos</span> (<span style="font-style: italic;">wash yourselves</span>)</div>

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<li>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/mover/" title="Click to see conjugations for mover" target="_blank">mover</a>

&#8594; moved</div>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/moverse/" title="Click to see conjugations for moverse" target="_blank">moverse</a>

&#8594; move<span class="brown_emphasis">d</span> + os &#8594; <span class="green_emphasis">moveos</span> (<span style="font-style: italic;">move / get moving</span>)</div>

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</ul>

<div class="conjugation_explanation_title">-ir verbs</div>

<p>For verbs ending in <span style="font-style: italic;">-ir</span>, we also drop the <strong>-d</strong>, but we must add an <strong>accent mark</strong> to the letter <strong>i</strong> (í).</p>

<p>This accent is required to maintain the stress on the <span style="font-style: italic;">i</span>. Without it, the weak vowel <span style="font-style: italic;">i</span> and the strong vowel <span style="font-style: italic;">o</span> (from <span style="font-style: italic;">os</span>) would form a diphthong, which would incorrectly shift the stress to the syllable before it.</p>

<ul>

<li>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/dormir/" title="Click to see conjugations for dormir" target="_blank">dormir</a>

&#8594; dormid</div>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/dormirse/" title="Click to see conjugations for dormirse" target="_blank">dormirse</a>

&#8594; dormi<span class="brown_emphasis">d</span> + os &#8594; <span class="green_emphasis">dormíos</span> (<span style="font-style: italic;">fall asleep</span>)</div>

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<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/sugerir/" title="Click to see conjugations for sugerir" target="_blank">sugerir</a>

&#8594; sugerid</div>

<div>sugerirse &#8594; sugeri<span class="brown_emphasis">d</span> + os &#8594; <span class="green_emphasis">sugeríos</span> (<span style="font-style: italic;">suggest [to yourselves]</span>)</div>

</li>

<li>

<div class="conjugation_explanation_title">Exception: irse</div>

<p>The verb

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/irse/" title="Click to see conjugations for irse" target="_blank">irse</a>

(<span style="font-style: italic;">to leave/go away</span>) is the only exception to this pattern. It <strong>retains the -d-</strong> in the reflexive <span style="font-style: italic;">vosotros</span> form.</p>

<ul>

<li>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/ir/" title="Click to see conjugations for ir" target="_blank">ir</a>

&#8594; id</div>

<div>

<a class="conjugation_explanation_link_intext verb_link" href="/study/conjugations/esp/irse/" title="Click to see conjugations for irse" target="_blank">irse</a>

&#8594; <span class="green_emphasis">idos</span> (<span style="font-style: italic;">leave / go away</span>)</div>

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</ul>