Cafetera vs. cafetería
While the Spanish words cafetera and cafetería both revolve around coffee and sound similar, they refer to completely different things. One is a physical object used for brewing, while the other is a commercial establishment.
Cafetera
A2A cafetera is a coffee maker or a coffee pot. It is the appliance or device used to brew coffee at home, in an office, or in a restaurant.
Voy a poner la cafetera para que tengamos café por la mañana.
(I'm going to put the coffee maker on so we have coffee in the morning.)
Se me rompió la cafetera y ahora tengo que comprar una nueva.
(My coffee maker broke and now I have to buy a new one.)
Mi abuela todavía usa una cafetera italiana de las antiguas.
(My grandmother still uses an old-fashioned Italian coffee pot.)
Por favor, limpia la cafetera después de usarla.
(Please, clean the coffee pot after using it.)
La jarra de la cafetera está sobre el mostrador.
(The coffee maker's pot is on the counter.)
Cafetería
A1A cafetería is a coffee shop, café, or cafeteria. It is a public place or business where you go to buy and drink coffee, other beverages, and often eat snacks, pastries, or light meals.
Nos encontramos en la cafetería nueva que abrieron en el centro.
(Let's meet at the new coffee shop that opened downtown.)
Me gusta ir a esa cafetería a leer por las tardes.
(I like to go to that café to read in the afternoons.)
Pide dos capuchinos en la barra de la cafetería.
(Order two cappuccinos at the coffee shop's counter.)
La cafetería del museo tiene una vista increíble.
(The museum's cafeteria has an incredible view.)
Los estudiantes suelen almorzar en la cafetería de la universidad.
(Students usually have lunch at the university cafeteria.)
Summary
In short, the key difference is that a cafetera is an object (a coffee maker/pot) that you own and use to make coffee, while a cafetería is a place (a coffee shop/café) that you visit to buy coffee and other items.